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1100 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). With a minimum of 99.0% aluminium, it is the most heavily alloyed of the 1000 series. It is also the mechanically strongest alloy in the series, and is the only 1000-series alloy commonly used in rivets. At the same time, it keeps the benefits of being relatively lightly alloyed (compared to other series), such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and workability. It can be hardened by cold working, but not by heat treatment.[1]
Alternate designations include Al99.0Cu and A91100. 1100 and its various tempers are covered by the ISO standard 6361 and the ASTM standards B209, B210, B211, B221, B483, B491, and B547.
Chenmicial Composition | |||
Aluminium: 99.0–99.95% | |||
Copper: 0.05–0.20% | |||
Iron: 0.95% max | |||
Manganese: 0.05% max | |||
Silicon: 0.95% max | |||
Zinc: 0.1% max | |||
Residuals: 0.15% max | |||
Physical Properties | |||
Properties | Metric | Imperial | |
Density | 2.71 g/cm3 | 0.0979 lb/in³ | |
mechanical properties | |||
Properties | Metric | Imperial | |
Elastic modulus | 70-80 GPa | 10152-11603 ksi | |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
Thermal Properties | |||
Properties | Conditions | ||
T (ºC) | Treatment | ||
Thermal conductivity | 218 W/mK | 25 | H18 |
Thermal expansion | 23.6 x 10-6/ºC | 20-100 | - |
Characteristics | |||
Principal Design Features | This alloy is commercially pure aluminum with excellent forming characteristics. | ||
Applications | Commonly used in spun hollowware, fin stock, heat exchanger fins, dials and name plates, cooking utensils, decorative parts, giftware, rivets and reflectors, and in sheet metal work. | ||
Machinability | This alloy has very good machinability. Best results are obtained when machining is done with the alloy in hard temper. Carbide tooling is preferred, but high speed steel tooling may also be used. For heavy cuts an oil lubricant should be used otherwise turning may be done dry. | ||
Forming | Forming, either hot or cold, is readily accomplished with this alloy. In the annealed condition the alloy can be cold worked extensively without an intermediate anneal. | ||
Welding | Readily welded by all conventional methods. Use AL 1100 consumable electrodes and filler wire. | ||
Heat Treatment | The alloy does not respond to heat treatment other than to produce the annealed condition, "O" temper, See "Annealing". | ||
Forging | The alloy may be hot forged with no difficulty. | ||
Hot Working | Hot working is readily accomplished if necessary. | ||
Cold Working | This is an ideal alloy for cold working because of the good ductility in the annealed temper. It can be cold formed by bending, drawing or spinning. | ||
Annealing | Annealing, which may be necessary after severe cold working, is done at 650 F for sufficient time to allow for thorough heating and then air cooled. | ||
Aging | Not applicable to this alloy. | ||
Tempering | Not applicable to this alloy. | ||
Hardening | Hardens by cold working only. | ||
Other Physical Props | Electrical conductivity is 53% of copper. | ||
Other Mechanical Props | Shear strength values are: "O" (annealed) temper 9 ksi, H12 temper 10 ksi, H18 temper 13 ksi | ||
Principal Design Features | This alloy is commercially pure aluminum with excellent forming characteristics. | ||
Applications | Commonly used in spun hollowware, fin stock, heat exchanger fins, dials and name plates, cooking utensils, decorative parts, giftware, rivets and reflectors, and in sheet metal work. | ||
Machinability | This alloy has very good machinability. Best results are obtained when machining is done with the alloy in hard temper. Carbide tooling is preferred, but high speed steel tooling may also be used. For heavy cuts an oil lubricant should be used otherwise turning may be done dry. | ||
Forming | Forming, either hot or cold, is readily accomplished with this alloy. In the annealed condition the alloy can be cold worked extensively without an intermediate anneal. | ||
Welding | Readily welded by all conventional methods. Use AL 1100 consumable electrodes and filler wire. | ||
Heat Treatment | The alloy does not respond to heat treatment other than to produce the annealed condition, "O" temper, See "Annealing". | ||
Forging | The alloy may be hot forged with no difficulty. | ||
Hot Working | Hot working is readily accomplished if necessary. | ||
Cold Working | This is an ideal alloy for cold working because of the good ductility in the annealed temper. It can be cold formed by bending, drawing or spinning. | ||
Annealing | Annealing, which may be necessary after severe cold working, is done at 650 F for sufficient time to allow for thorough heating and then air cooled. | ||
Aging | Not applicable to this alloy. | ||
Tempering | Not applicable to this alloy. | ||
Hardening | Hardens by cold working only. | ||
Other Physical Props | Electrical conductivity is 53% of copper. | ||
Other Mechanical Props | Shear strength values are: "O" (annealed) temper 9 ksi, H12 temper 10 ksi, H18 temper 13 ksi | ||
Because of its unique balance of formability and corrosion resistance, 1100 aluminum is used in a wide range of industries. Some examples include:
Building & Construction – Roofing, siding, and interior decorative panels.
Food & Beverage – Packaging, utensils, and processing equipment.
HVAC & Heat Transfer – Fins for heat exchangers.
Chemical Industry – Storage tanks and chemical equipment resistant to atmospheric corrosion.
Decorative Uses – Anodized architectural panels, signage, and artwork.
Real-world example: foil stock made from 1100 aluminum is commonly used in the packaging industry due to its excellent resistance to moisture and light.
Cost-Effective – One of the most affordable aluminum alloys.
Lightweight – A key reason it’s used in construction and packaging.
Sustainable – Like all aluminum, it is 100% recyclable without losing quality.
Ease of Use – Highly formable for both industrial and decorative designs.
While 1100 is excellent for corrosion resistance and formability, it’s important to know when to choose a different alloy:
3003 Aluminum – Slightly stronger due to manganese, often used for roofing and siding where higher strength is needed.
5052 Aluminum – Known for higher strength and marine corrosion resistance, making it ideal for shipbuilding and marine equipment.
